In Brazil, MSc students and researchers from the federal universities of Ceará, Goiás, São Paulo, Pará, and Rio Grande do Sul, as well as from the state universities of Ceará and São Paulo, have compiled national food composition data using the FAO-INFOODS methodology through the systematic and quantitative review of secondary data sources, particularly MSc and PhD thesis and other grey literature. Food composition tables from Brazil were also explored for data on prioritized species. In the first MSc thesis to emerge from the BFN project, nutrition data for 21 of the species prioritized by the BFN project was compiled and compared with the most commonly consumed fruits in Brazil (according to the most recent Household Survey – POF 2008-2009): banana, orange, apple, papaya and watermelon. Results highlighted the higher contents of dietary fiber, calcium, iron, magnesium, vitamin C and vitamin E contained in native fruits (for those fruits for which data was available). See below.
The vitamin C content in 100g of the pulp of four native fruits – camu-camu (1888mg), mangaba (332 mg), cerrado cashew (294mg) and jabuticaba (238mg) - are at least 3 times the amount contained in 100 g of common varieties of orange (53mg), banana (21,6mg) and papaya (82,9mg).
Lab analyses are being carried out by partner Universities and National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA) to fill existent nutrient gaps for prioritized species. Recipes are also being developed with the prioritized regional native fruits. Some are available in the Recipes section.
A BFN partnership was established with the Horticultural Division of the Brazilian Corporation of Agricultural Research (EMBRAPA Hortaliças) for the inclusion of traditional vegetables in the Plants for the Future initiative. This initiative leads many important agricultural programmes that aid in: i) the identification of native Brazilian flora used both locally and regionally but that doesn't currently fulfill its economic potential, ii) the promotion of the use of these native plant species by farmers and agricultural producers, and iii) the creation of an enabling environment for increased investment opportunities and business creation to drive the development of new marketable local products.
So far, EMBRAPA have played a key partnering role in the implementation of BFN activities and the continuous growth of the nutritional database. Portfolios were organized with general information on six native vegetables which will be included in the Plants for the Future publication for the Midwestern region. Furthermore, food composition analysis of 20 leafy species (six of which are native to Brazil) is currently being carried out by EMBRAPA.
Food composition data and recipes generated by the BFN Project in Brazil are now hosted in the Biodiversity Nutritional Composition Database as part of the Information System on Brazilian Biodiversity (SiBBr) created by the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation to gather information on Brazilian biodiversity and ecosystems currently scattered across databases in various government agencies and sources.
As the national executing agency for BFN in Brazil, the Ministry of the Environment (MMA) has forged partnerships and relationships with many of the agencies and ministries involved in the Zero Hunger strategy launched in 2003 to eradicate hunger and poverty in the country. Representatives from strategic policy programmes such as the Food Acquisition Programme (PAA), the National School Feeding Programme (PNAE) and the National Food and Nutrition Policy (PNAN) are part of the Project’s national steering and executing committees, which helps create an enabling policy environment for the promotion of biodiversity for food and nutrition in Brazil.
As part of its commitment to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), BFN Brazil has led the revision of the National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP), engaging 400 participants from institutions across the business, environment, academia, federal and state government sectors as well as indigenous peoples and traditional communities to define twenty National Biodiversity Targets for the period 2011-2020 closely linked to the Aichi Targets of the CBD. Some of the activities within the NBSAP now include the utilization of native plant species with actual or potential economic value as a successful measure of biodiversity conservation.
On 18 May 2016, after much advocacy and lobbying by the BFN project and the Plants for the Future initiative, Ordinance Nº 163 on Sociobiodiversity was published in the Union Official Journal of Brazil. Jointly signed by the ministries of Environment and Social Development, this Ordinance marked an important step in mainstreaming biodiversity for enhanced food and nutrition security. "Brazilian Sociobiodiversity Native Food Species of Nutritional Value" (read neglected and underutilized) are now officially defined and recognized. In May 2018, the Ordinance was superseded by Ordinance 284, which increased the number of sociobiodiversity species to 100. Many of these species were analysed by BFN Brazil to determine their nutritional value with a view to integrating the information into relevant national policies and programs. The two ordinances have contributed to better understanding and dissemination of knowledge on these species, ultimately enhancing their promotion and sustainable use.
BFN Brazil has demonstrated great success in collaborating with schools to raise awareness about biodiversity for food and nutrition, with a view to promoting greater utilization of edible species of native Brazilian flora. Through collaboration with the National Fund for Educational Development and the Centre for Excellence in Tourism of the University of Brasília, a project called Educating through School Gardens and Gastronomy is guiding a number of schools in setting up tree nurseries for native species and growing non-conventional leafy vegetables in school gardens in collaboration with Embrapa Hortaliças, to encourage healthy eating habits, dietary diversification and greater appreciation of Brazilian biodiversity. Further, many awareness raising events were organized in different Brazilian cities, such as culinary workshops, tasting events and food fairs showcasing the deliciousness of native biodiversity.
BFN is also collaborating with the initiative “Rio Food Vision” (Rio Alimentação Sustentável), which aims to contribute a healthy and sustainable food vision for the Rio 2016 Olympic and Paralympic Games and their legacy to Rio de Janeiro and Brazil with a transforming platform on food value chains. The initiative is working closely with the Olympic Committee and caterers to enable the inclusion of certified organic, fair trade and foods from local biodiversity during the games.
Following the publication of Native species of actual or potential economic importance for the southern region of Brazil (see Additional Resources in this page) by the Plants for the Future Initiative of the Ministry of the Environment, BFN is working hand in hand with the initiative to continue publishing similar reference texts for the Midwest, North, Northeast and Southeast regions. Over 800 species have been prioritized and grouped according to their main use: food, aromatic, fiber, forage, wood, medicinal, ornamental. In the edible group, over 100 underutilized native species of nutritional importance have been prioritized. Some are included in the list below. The dissemination of this information should positively impact the plants' conservation and foster greater appreciation and use of native Brazilian biodiversity. The books will be launched in 2016 and 2017 and will contribute to increasing cross-sectoral collaboration among the federal, state and municipal governments and other sectors of society.
| Common Name | Latin Name | Latin Name |
---|---|---|---|
| Feijoa | Acca sellowiana | Feijoeira, Goiaba |
@Palmpedia | Macauba | Acrocomia aculeata | Bocaiúva, Coco-babão |
| Amburana | Amburana cearensis |
|
| Monkey nut | Anacardium humile | Caju |
| Cashew | Anacardium occidentale | Caju |
| Marolo | Annona crassiflora | Araticum do Cerrado |
| Sugar Apple, Custard Apple | Annona squamosa | Ata |
| Paraná Pine | Araucaria angustifolia | Pinhão |
| Tucumã | Astrocaryum aculeatum |
|
| Peach Palm | Bactris gasipaes | Pupunha |
| Brazil Nut | Bertholletia excelsa | Castanha-do-Pará, Amêndoa-da-América |
| Jelly Palm, Spur Coconut | Butia capitata | Coquinho |
| Coastal Jelly Palm | Butia catarinensis | Butiá |
| Woolly Jelly Palm | Butia eriospatha | Butiá |
| Savanna Serret | Byrsonima crassifolia | Murici |
| Savanna Serret | Byrsonima verbascifolia | Murici |
| White Guabiroba | Campomanesia adamantium |
|
| Cambuci | Campomanesia phaea |
|
| Guabiroba | Campomanesia pubescens |
|
| Guabiroba | Campomanesia xanthocarpa |
|
| Yellow Lantern Chili | Capsicum chinense Jacq. |
|
| Malagueta Chili Pepper | Capsicum frutescens |
|
| Souari Nut | Caryocar brasiliense | Pequi |
| Pequí | Caryocar coriaceum |
|
| Indian Yam, Purple Yam | Dioscorea trifida | Cush-cush |
| Baru | Dipteryx alata |
|
| Cagaita | Eugenia dysenterica |
|
| Cherry of the Rio Grande | Eugenia involucrata |
|
| Cerrado Pear | Eugenia klotzschiana |
|
| Uvaia | Eugenia pyriformis |
|
| Araçá | Eugenia stipitata | Araçá-boi |
| Surinam Cherry, Cayenne Cherry | Eugenia uniflora | Pitanga |
| Jussara Palm | Euterpe edulis |
|
| Açaí Palm | Euterpe oleracea |
|
| Açaí Palm | Euterpe precatoria |
|
| Genipapo | Genipa americana |
|
| Mangaba | Hancornia speciose |
|
| Jatobá | Hymenaea courbaril |
|
| Jatobá | Hymenaea stigonocarpa |
|
| Buriti | Mauritia flexuosa |
|
| Camu-camu | Myrciaria dubia |
|
| Bacaba | Oenocarpus bacaba |
|
| Patauá | Oenocarpus bataua |
|
| Bacaba-de-leque | Oenocarpus distichus |
|
| Bacaba | Oenocarpus mapora |
|
| Bacaba | Oenocarpus minor |
|
| Prickly Pear | Opuntia elata | Arumbeva |
| Guiana Chestnut, Malabar Chestnut | Pachira aquatica | Monguba |
|
| Passiflora actinia | Maracuja do Mato |
| Sweet Passionfruit | Passiflora alata |
|
| Passion fruit | Passiflora cincinnata |
|
| Wild Passionfruit | Passiflora setacea |
|
| Barbados Gooseberry | Pereskia aculeata | Ora-pro-nobis |
| Cape Gooseberry | Physalis peruviana | Goldenberry |
| Goldenberry | Physalis pubescens | Fislis, Camapu |
| Bacuri
| Platonia insignis |
|
| Brazilian Grape | Plinia cauliflora | Jabuticaba |
| Jabuticaba | Plinia peruviana |
|
| Puslane | Portulacca oleracea | Beldroega |
| Abiu | Pouteria caimito |
|
| Araçá-pera | Psidium acutangulum |
|
| Purple Guava | Psidium cattleianum | Araçá |
| Pink Guava | Psidium guajava |
|
| Brazilian Guava, Sour Guava, Guinea Guava | Psidium guineense |
|
| Araçá | Psidium sobralianum |
|
| Pink Pepper | Schinus terebinthifolius |
|
| Jurubeba | Solanum paniculatum |
|
| Umbu-cajá | Spondias bahiensis |
|
| Yellow Mombin | Spondias mombin | Cajá |
| Brazil Plum | Spondias tuberosa | Umbu |
| Chichá | Sterculia striata |
|
| Gueroba | Syagrus oleracea | Guariroba |
| Jewels-of-Opar | Talinum paniculatum | Major-Gomes |
| Pitomba | Talisia esculenta |
|
| Cupuaçu | Theobroma grandiflorum |
|
| Wild Papaya | Vasconcellea quercifolia | Calasacha |
| Taioba | Xanthosoma taioba |
|